Week 12: Express.js and Refactoring Error Handling

Express.js and Better Error Handling Week 12 covered Express.js fundamentals and refactoring my blog platform with proper error handling patterns. Express.js Fundamentals Middleware Middleware is how Express processes requests. Functions that run before your route handlers. Each middleware can modify the request, send a response, or pass control to the next middleware. Built-in middleware parses JSON bodies and URL-encoded data. Custom middleware handles logging, authentication, and timing. The order matters. Middleware runs in the order you define it. Understanding middleware flow changed how I structure applications. Instead of handling everything in route handlers, break concerns into separate middleware functions. Routing and Controllers Express routing maps URLs to handlers. Instead of one massive file, separate routes into logical groups. User routes, post routes, comment routes. Controllers handle the business logic. Route files define endpoints, and controllers implement what h