Linux Filesystem & Essential Linux Commands

Linux Directory Structure / - Root (base) directory 🌳 /root - Home directory for root user 👑 /home - User home directories (/home/username) 🏠 /bin - Symlink to /usr/bin (user command binaries) ⚙️ /sbin - Symlink to /usr/sbin (system admin binaries) 🛠️ /usr/bin - Actual location of user binaries (ls, cat, docker) 📦 /usr/sbin - System administration binaries (useradd, nginx) 🔧 / usr/local/bin - Manually installed binaries (not managed by package manager) 📥 /lib - Essential system libraries for /bin and /sbin 📚 /opt - Third-party/commercial software packages (self-contained) 🧩 /var - Runtime data, logs, application state (Docker, Jenkins) 📊 /etc - Configuration files (editable text configs) 📝 /tmp - Temporary files (cleared on reboot) ⏳ /proc - Virtual filesystem with process/system information 🔍 /sys - Virtual filesystem with hardware/kernel information 🖥️ /boot - Boot loader files and kernel 🚀 /dev - Device files (hardware interfaces) 🔌 /mnt - Manual mount point for filesystems 💽 /media