Exception Handling in Java

What is Exception Handling? Exception handling is a mechanism in Java that allows us to handle runtime errors so the program does not terminate abruptly. It helps to: Prevent program crash Maintain normal flow Improve user experience What is an Exception? An exception is an unwanted event that occurs during program execution and disrupts the normal flow of the program. Example: Dividing a number by zero Accessing an invalid array index Opening a file that doesn’t exist Types of Exceptions in Java Java exceptions are mainly divided into: 1️⃣ Checked Exceptions Checked at compile time Must be handled Example: IOException, SQLException 2️⃣ Unchecked Exceptions Occur at runtime Not mandatory to handle Example: ArithmeticException, NullPointerException ⚙️ Exception Handling Keywords Java provides 5 main keywords: try catch finally throw throws Basic Syntax try { // risky code } catch (ExceptionType e) { // handling code } finally { // always executes } 1️⃣ try Block The try block contains t