Debugging

1. What is Debugging? Debugging is the process of finding and fixing errors (bugs) in a program. Bugs can be: Syntax errors (code cannot run) Logical errors (wrong output) Runtime errors (program crashes while running) 2. Why Do We Use Debugging? Debugging is important because: ✅ Helps find the cause of errors ✅ Makes programs run correctly ✅ Helps understand program flow ✅ Saves time instead of guessing what went wrong 3. How to Use Debugging? There are several ways to debug: a) Print Statements Check variables and program flow using print() (optional for small programs). b) Using Debugger in IDE Most IDEs (VS Code, PyCharm, Eclipse) have built-in debuggers: Set Breakpoints → pause execution at a line Step Into / Step Over → go line by line Watch Variables → check values while running Call Stack → see which function called which c) Dry Run (Manual) Go line by line on paper with sample input to trace program flow. 4. Example: Debugging a Factorial Function in Python Code with Error: de