🏰Beginner-Friendly Guide 'Prime Number of Set Bits in Binary Representation' - Problem 762 (C++, Python, JavaScript)

Ever wondered how computers see the numbers we use every day? By breaking numbers down into their binary "bits," we can uncover fascinating patterns that are essential for low-level data processing and optimization. In this guide, we will learn how to count these bits and determine if that count holds a special mathematical property: being a prime number. Problem Summary You're given: Two integers, left and right , which define an inclusive range of numbers. Your goal: Count how many numbers within that range have a "set bit" count (the number of 1s in their binary form) that is a prime number. Intuition: How it Works To solve this problem, we need to perform two main tasks for every number in our range. First, we must count the set bits. In binary, the number 6 is represented as 110 . Since there are two 1s, the set bit count is 2. Second, we check if that count is prime. A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. Since the