Address Space and Process Control Block(PCB)

𝐀𝐝𝐝𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐒𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐞: Every process running on our systems has memory allocated for its address space. Which includes: || 𝘚𝘵𝘢𝘤𝘬 → 𝘎𝘢𝘱 → 𝘏𝘦𝘢𝘱 → 𝘋𝘢𝘵𝘢 → 𝘛𝘦𝘹𝘵|| • Stack: Contains function calls, return addresses, local variables etc. • Gap: That's just the empty space kept for the dynamic memory to grow. • Heap: Used for dynamic memory allocation like malloc(), calloc(). • Data: For const, global and static variables. • Text: The program code or program instructions. (Usually read-only) -These address spaces are separate for each process and they cannot access each others. OS manages the whole thing, if something wrong happens OS throws Segmentation Fault. -Address space is virtual. Which is mapped to physical memory by OS. 𝐏𝐂𝐁: In simple words, a Process Control Block is a data structure used by OS to manage processes. It’s like an ID Card for processes. Which includes: • Process ID (PID): Unique id for the process. • Process State: New, Ready, Running, Waiting, Terminated these are the states.